• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for producing lumber panels (90) from long wood raw timber (1) with a sequence of the following manufacturing steps: - Profiling (30) respectively at edge portions (16) of at least two opposite guide surfaces (11, 12 or 13, 14); - Producing at least one relief groove (20) on at least two opposite guide surfaces (11, 12 and 13, 14); Separating at least two side boards (40) on diametrically opposite guide surfaces (11, 12 and 13, 14) along cutting planes (46) in the longitudinal direction of the longwood raw wood (1) to form a central timber beam (60); - drying the side boards (40, 41); - Sorting and arranging the dried side boards (40, 41) and / or side board parts (50, 51); Bonding side-by-side side boards (40, 41) and / or side board parts (50, 51) under pressure to a lumber panel (90). Furthermore, sawn timber panels (90) produced according to the invention are specified.
    公开号:AT515171A1
    申请号:T50813/2013
    申请日:2013-12-10
    公开日:2015-06-15
    发明作者:Hans-Peter Ing Leitinger
    申请人:Hans-Peter Ing Leitinger；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    L17902
    Sawn board from side board ware and process for its production
    The invention relates to a method for producing a lumber panel having the features of the preamble of claim 1. Further specified by the invention are plywood panel products made in accordance with the manufacturing method of the invention.
    From the prior art, various embodiments of methods for the manufacture of lumber panels are known.
    For example, document DE 2 159 337 discloses a method and apparatus for producing sawn timber, the object of which is to obtain sawn timber with as high as possible or low loss. The individual cutting boards are each divided parallel to the longitudinal axis direction of a tree trunk. The trimming of the longitudinal edges of the boards takes place in mirror-symmetrical profiles adapted to the conicity of the tree. A disadvantage of this method is at least that the edged boards are separated at the same time or following the trimming by a central separating cut in their core. The separating cut serves to determine longitudinal edges of the boards separated in the core. However, the central separation of unedged boards or wooden planks with a forest edge inevitably leads to warping or twisting of the boards due to the released splint tensions. A precisely trained and mirror-symmetrical profiling of two split boards or planks, which are supplemented to a solid cross-section, succeeds - if at all - then only after correspondingly expensive, material-removing machining with high yield losses. In the method presented in DE 2 159 337 it is therefore further disadvantageous that already cutaways split boards either have to be dressed several times or even undivided boards have to be planed on both sides before the central division by very heavy material removal, before these can be glued to form a wood composite. This is associated with high yield losses as well as complex processing steps.
    It is thus the object of the present invention to provide an improved method for the production of sawn timber boards from side board ware which avoids the described disadvantages of the prior art and with which as lossless as possible
    Side boards with strength-free, stress-free, in particular crack-free,
    Fiber course as well as possible without warping be obtained.
    This object is achieved in a manufacturing method according to the preamble of
    Claim 1 solved with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
    Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention are set forth in the subclaims and the description.
    The method according to the invention for the production of lumber boards from lumber
    Raw wood includes the following manufacturing steps: a. If necessary, forming at least two diametrically opposite guide surfaces on a forest edge of the unedged longwood raw wood by means of a chip removing apparatus, wherein opposite guide surfaces are respectively disposed in the longitudinal direction of the longwood raw wood and have a guide surface width; b. Profiling by means of a die-cutting device respectively at marginal portions of at least two opposing guide surfaces, the profilings at the edge portions of a guide surface being preferably symmetrical to a guide surface symmetry plane, the guide surface symmetry plane being substantially perpendicular to the opposite guide surfaces and substantially centered at the respective guide surface widths; c. Manufacturing at least one relief groove by means of a scoring or milling device on at least two opposite guide surfaces, the at least one relief groove being arranged in each case substantially perpendicular to the guide surface; d. Severing at least two sideboards on diametrically opposite guide surfaces by means of a cutting device along cutting planes in the longitudinal direction of the longwood raw wood, respectively, to form a central timber beam; e. Optionally, severing further side boards and / or logs each in the longitudinal direction of the longwood raw wood from the central square timber board; f. Optionally, arranging and / or stacking the side boards respectively in a pairwise corresponding and mutually rotated by 180 ° and / or fallen layer; G. then drying the side boards by storage in evaporation promoting environment; H. preferably leveling and / or reprofiling the profiles of the dried side boards; i. preferably, dividing the dried side boards into side board parts by attaching a partition cut surface extending substantially in a central side board symmetry plane of the side board by means of a partitioning device; j. Sorting the dried side boards and / or side board parts, wherein undivided side boards are suitably juxtaposed, in particular, by twisting each other through 180 ° and / or placing them in collapsed positions, so that their respective side board symmetry planes are substantially parallel to each other, and / or already divided side by side paired side board parts side by side be arranged so that their dividing cut surfaces are substantially parallel to each other; k. Jobs of adhesive on profiled edge portions of profiled profiled side boards and / or matching side board parts and / or on parting cut surfaces of the side board parts; l. Adhering the adhesive profiled edge portions and / or parting surfaces of laterally juxtaposed side boards and / or side panel members under pressure, preferably under lateral pressure against the adhesive surfaces, to a sawn timber panel having a panel width, wherein a panel length substantially corresponds to a length of woodwood; m. Optionally, trimming the entire lumber panel at its longitudinal side edges in the longitudinal direction of the glued side boards and / or the side board members to a selected lumber panel width and / or trimming end faces of the glued side boards and / or the side board members transversely to their longitudinal direction to a selected lumber panel length using at least one cutting device.
    The term "long timber raw wood" is understood to mean both at least partially unedged logs, as well as at least partially unedged screed, board and / or squared timber. Depending on the pre-processing of the raw wood, it may be necessary to form at least two diametrically opposite guide surfaces on the forest edge-covered outer surfaces of the unedged long wood raw wood, in order to enable further processing in the first place. Likewise, when using board or timber, it may be necessary to rework corresponding guide surfaces as bearing surfaces for the subsequent manufacturing steps by means of suitable chip removing devices. The in the middle of the longwood raw wood after separating from
    Side boards and / or prismatic or essentially wedge-shaped long wood parts remaining from other long wood parts are referred to here as central square timber boards.
    Advantageously, in the further manufacturing process, by producing profilings and attaching one or more relief grooves to the guide surfaces already in the fresh state of the wood, ie before drying, the longwood parts or side boards are substantially stress relieved and thus buckling or twisting of the longwood parts during the subsequent drying prevented.
    This manufacturing process is particularly economical, since profiling takes place at the edge portions of the later side boards, as well as arranging the relief grooves at a time when the later side boards are still connected to the later central timber board. Due to the particularly favorable arrangement of the side boards in the vicinity of the edge or directly adjacent to the forest edge of an unedged timber trunk, the yield of the production method according to the invention can be significantly increased in comparison to the prior art and the starting wood can be utilized significantly better.
    Preferably, the dried side boards are leveled after the drying step, and / or profiled on the profiles. When leveling, the side boards or long wood pieces lie on or are run over one of the cut surfaces on a flat surface to be machined, if desired, by material removal on at least one cut surface to a predetermined material thickness. By reprofiling the profilings, at least one profile or a butt joint of the side panel is prepared for a subsequent forced or forced centering. The nachprofilprofilierte side board can thus be performed in the subsequent subsequent processing steps especially exactly along the profiles.
    In a method according to the invention, it is particularly advantageous that a relief groove is arranged substantially centrally in the guide surface symmetry plane of the guide surface. In this embodiment, a relief groove is arranged substantially in the center of the guide surface. Thus, because the guide surface substantially forms a later side surface of one of the side boards, the relief groove is also located substantially centrally of the side surface of the side board to be later detached from the central timber beam.
    In a method according to the invention, the at least one relief groove particularly expediently has a relief groove depth of less than 50%, preferably of less than 40%, of a material thickness of a side board. Advantageously, by selecting such relief groove depths with respect to the material thickness of the side board, on the one hand, an efficient stress relief in the side boards is made possible and as far as possible avoiding warping or cracking of the side board, especially during drying. On the other hand, by attaching the relief grooves with relief groove depths smaller than half the material thickness, the side boards are not adversely affected in their mechanical strength or rigidity.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in a method for producing lumber panels after separating at least two side boards on diametrically opposed guide surfaces, the central timber board is rotated about its longitudinal axis by a 90 ° angle of rotation and two further diametrically opposite guide surfaces are arranged laterally on the central timber board the opposing further guide surfaces are each arranged in the longitudinal direction of the central anticorrosive plank and have a guide surface width, further profiling being made at the edge portions of the two opposing guide surfaces and the profilings at the edge portions being preferably symmetrical about a guide surface symmetry plane substantially perpendicular to the opposite guide surfaces and substantially centered of the respective guide surfaces is directed, ordered t, and at least one relief groove, each disposed substantially perpendicular to the guide surface, is formed on the guide surfaces, whereupon two further side boards on the diametrically opposed guide surfaces are cut along the cutting planes longitudinally of the longwood raw wood from the central timber board. In this embodiment, guide surfaces are particularly suitably arranged on four sides, which are each arranged around the longitudinal axis through a rotation angle of 90 ° to each other, profiled at edge portions and provided with at least one relief groove. As a result, two lateral boards, in total up to four side boards, can be separated one after the other from the central timber board in succession. By a suitable choice of the profilings, this embodiment of the production method according to the invention succeeds in separating side board ware from the central square timber plank with minimal losses and the greatest possible yield. The central timber plank is then available for further uses.
    In a method according to the invention, it is particularly advantageous to produce profilings at edge portions of the at least two opposite guide surfaces as well as to produce the relief grooves on at least two diametrically opposed guide surfaces substantially simultaneously. In this embodiment, at the guide surfaces, the profilings at their edge portions as well as the relief grooves are performed substantially simultaneously in one operation.
    This allows a particularly efficient, rapid production process for sawn timber panels. The relief groove can also be used as a support for trouble-free Abfördernbzw. Disconnect the side boards from the remaining squarewood screed.
    Suitably, in a method according to the invention, the longwood raw wood prior to processing and / or prior to making the relief grooves and / or prior to profiling the edge portions and / or separating the side boards and / or optionally prior to severing further logs from the Measure the central timber pile by a measuring device. With the aid of a measuring device, one or more method steps of the production method can be measured, and thus the yield of the method can advantageously be further increased. Thus, long wood raw wood parts, for example, having a curved log or branch crotches, can be detected and measured by the measuring device and division cuts are as efficiently as possible adapted to the individual geometry of the respective longwood raw wood part.
    In a preferred embodiment, in a method according to the invention, the survey data acquired by the surveying device are fed to and used by a control device for controlling the chip removing device and / or the cutting or milling device and / or the die cutting device and / or cutting devices and / or the splitting device. Within the scope of the invention, the survey data collected by the surveying equipment may be used by the control equipment to control different apparatuses. Thus, the corresponding apparatuses can be adapted to the individual requirements of cutting, profiling, milling and / or dividing longwood logs and side boards, respectively.
    Conveniently, in a method according to the invention, opposing guide surfaces are arranged substantially parallel to one another and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the longwood raw wood, and intersecting for dividing longwood raw wood into side boards and / or long wood pieces along cut planes substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis direction of the raw wood are. In this embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention, the guide surfaces or the cutting planes for separating side boards or long wood parts are respectively arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the long wood raw wood. This embodiment with paraxial processing steps lends itself to the utilization of untrimmed longwood raw wood with substantially the same circumference or diameter over its length. Deviations from a substantially cylindrical outer shell shape of the raw wood are primarily absorbed by the side boards. The side board width of the side boards can be tapered or conical when selecting an axis-parallel blank at a free end and therefore only of limited suitability for further processing into a blank board. The central square timber plank is pruned for this purpose in a substantially rectangular manner and can be reused for numerous other applications.
    In further advantageous embodiments, in a method according to the invention, opposing guide surfaces are arranged substantially parallel to one of two diametrically opposite tangential planes to the tapered wooden exterior surface of the longwood raw wood, starting from the outside with the chip removing device starting from the outside, a first guide surface parallel to the first tangential plane and, if necessary further, opposite the first guide surface, the second guide surface is made parallel to the second tangent plane and then the longwood raw wood with a cut along cut planes, which in turn are substantially parallel to one of the two diametrically opposed tangent planes and / or the opposite guide surfaces, in side boards and / or in longwood parts the sectional planes is split, creating a tapered, wedge-shaped central e timber beam is obtained.
    In this embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention, the guide surfaces or the cutting planes for separating side boards or long wood parts are each arranged substantially parallel to one of two tangential planes on the outer surface of the long wood raw timber. This embodiment mitmantelparallelen processing steps is particularly suitable for the utilization of unbesäumtem long wood raw wood with a tapered over its length Umfangbzw. Diameter on. Thus it is possible to gain side board ware with an approximately constant width of the side board, even with conically tapering tree trunks. The conicity of the log is further projected inwardly in this cutting guide into the central timber beam, which then has a substantially wedge-shaped contour.
    In a further advantageous embodiment, in a method according to the invention for the side boards, the profilings are realized in the form of two substantially symmetrical oblique planar surfaces, which are each as close as possible to the raw wood outer surface at an angle of profiling and the profilings are drawn by chip removing tools, preferably by milling tools End milling cutter or by rotating circular saw blades, at least one Stoßfase produced. In this embodiment, by adjusting the setting angles of the debarking tools, the profiles can be adapted particularly precisely to the respective geometry of the longwood timber to be utilized and thus yield losses can be avoided. The adjustment angle is adjusted according to the nature of the forest edge and produced with such tools profiled side boards in high quality. With at least a short bump in the area of each profiling, side boards each provided with such profilings allow precise adjustment for bonding as well as transfer of lateral pressure during bonding, without the two profiled side boards sliding against one another during bonding. Optionally, one or more butt chamfers may be arranged in the region of the beveled profiles. The step-shaped bumps are essentially perpendicular to the cutting planes.
    Conveniently, in a lumber panel made in accordance with a variant of the method of the invention, a plurality of side boards and / or side board sections are glued together at their profiled edge sections and / or at parting cut surfaces to form a single ply composite panel. Particularly advantageous side boards and / or side boards, which are prepared by the process according to the invention, suitably placed together and glued together with adhesive to a single-ply composite panel.
    In a further development of the invention side boards and / or side board parts with substantially the same material thickness are glued together in a lumber panel. In this embodiment, it is advantageous to obtain a lumber panel of substantially equal material thickness, which eliminates post-processing by leveling the lumber panel.
    Particularly advantageously, in a lumber panel, side boards and / or side board portions of substantially constant length are connected to a lumber panel width, with faces of the lumber panel having oblique butt joints and / or pitch cut surfaces and / or bump side panels having a symmetrical trapezoidal shape and / or relief grooves. In this embodiment, the corresponding butt joints and / or cut surfaces or even the relief grooves on undivided side boards in the slab cross section can still be determined on the end faces of the sliced board.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the side boards and / or side board parts are each in pairs alternately at the oblique joints in neutral annual ring position and at the straight pitch cut surfaces also in neutral annual ring layer laid together and glued together in a timber board. By suitable alternating juxtaposition of paired side boards and / or paired side board sections and subsequent sticking of each innervrally annual ring layer, a lumber plate is produced with a particularly advantageous construction. At the oblique butt joints glued together, the oblique profiles thus run essentially tangentially to the lateral rings of the side boards in a neutral year-round position. At the straight joints at which each division cut surfaces are glued together, meet the annual ring layers of the two joining partners each at a substantially right angle to the division-Schnittflächen or on the abutment surface, wherein the annual ring curves continue to run in opposite directions in opposite directions. Due to the harmonious arrangement always pairwise associated Brettpartner a uniform wave-shaped course of the annual ring position is achieved on the sawn timber plate and warping of the finished sawn timber plate largely avoided.
    Advantageously, prior to bonding, the annual ring layers of the side-by-side boarding partners are checked and, if necessary, realigned or re-laid to provide gluing of the sawn board to all profiled oblique butt joints or to all straight joints each with neutral annual ring locations can.
    Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following explanation of exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a longwood log with a divisional pattern known in the prior art for dividing side board ware; FIGS. 2 to 5 each show a longwood raw wood trunk in lateral sectional views in a sequence of individual processing steps of the production method according to the invention; FIGS. 6 to 9 each show a longwood raw wood trunk in lateral oblique views in a sequence of individual processing steps of the manufacturing method according to the invention, wherein a cut guide for dividing the longwood raw wood is taken along cutting planes which are arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis direction of the longwood raw wood; FIGS. 10 to 13 each show a longwood raw wood trunk in an oblique view from the side in a sequence of individual processing steps of the production method according to the invention, the cutting guide for dividing the longwood raw wood along along cutting planes which are substantially parallel to tangential planes on a shell outer surface of the longwood Raw wood are arranged; Figs. 14 to 16 are respective side boards separated from each other in oblique views from the side in a sequence of processing steps to obtain a lumber panel according to the manufacturing method of the present invention; 17 is a side view of the processing of a board wood part in the context of the manufacturing method according to the invention; FIGS. 18 to 22 are each side part parts separated from each other in an oblique view from the side in a sequence of processing steps in order to obtain a further variant of a cutting board according to the production method according to the invention; FIG. 23 is a side view of a lumber panel with side board parts, which are each placed alternately in neutral annual ring position and glued together; FIG. FIG. 24 is an enlarged view of the detail A marked in FIG. 23; FIG. FIG. 25 shows a side view of a sawn timber plate with side board parts, which are placed next to one another and glued to each other, deviating from the neutral annual ring position with a junction of the annual ring profile; FIG. FIG. 26 is an enlarged view of the detail B marked in FIG. 25; FIG. Figure 27 is a side elevational view of one end face of a conically profiled side board in front of the substantially central parts and then placing the two side board parts in a pairwise corresponding and mutually rotated 180 ° and fallen position; Fig. 28 is a side elevational view corresponding to Fig. 27 of an end face of a side board, but of equal width.
    Fig. 1 shows a known from the prior art division of untrimmed long timber raw wood 1 with a forest edge 2 and a longitudinal axis 3. The long timber raw wood 1 has a raw wood length 4 and a raw wood outer surface 5 on. Here, four side boards 40 are separated from the longwood raw wood 1, leaving a central square timber beam 60 of substantially square cross-section and available for other applications. As can be seen from Fig. 1, this conventional dividing method disadvantageously takes high losses of material to work out the side boards 40 from the full lumber raw timber 1. These losses of material can at best be processed into heating pellets and recycled.
    Figures 2 to 5 each show an untrimmed longwood raw wood stock 1 in a sequence of individual processing steps of the manufacturing method according to the invention. As illustrated in FIG. 2, in a first step from a chip removing apparatus 100 are respectively paired opposed guide surfaces 11 and 12, respectively. 13 and 14, which guide surfaces each have the same or different guide surface widths 15. The guide surfaces 11-14 serve to guide and support the subsequent processing steps.
    Likewise, it is provided within the scope of the invention, if necessary, to provide only two diametrically opposite guide surfaces on the long timber raw timber 1. If, for example, plank, board or squared timber, which already has suitable plane guide surfaces as a support for the subsequent processing steps, is used as longwood raw wood 1, this first processing step may possibly also be omitted.
    As shown in FIG. 3, relief grooves 20 having a relief groove depth 21 and a relief groove width 22 from a scoring or milling device 200 are attached to the raw timber logs provided with guide surfaces 11 to 14. The relief grooves 20 are arranged here in a dash-dotted line of symmetry 17 of the two diametrically opposite guide surfaces 11 and 12, respectively. It is also conceivable, in a further processing step, to arrange relief grooves 20 in a dot-dashed plane of symmetry 18 of the two opposing guide surfaces 13 and 14. For this purpose, the long wood raw timber 1 is rotated about its longitudinal axis 3 by a rotation angle of 90 °.
    Furthermore, profiles 30 are arranged on edge sections 16 of each guide surface 11 to 14 by a mold-cutting device 300. An adjusting angle 31 of the mold cutting device 300 can be adapted to the radius of curvature of the forest edge 2, can be seen on the profiles 30 and is for example between 20 ° and 66 °. The profiling 30 is produced substantially simultaneously with the production of the relief grooves 20.
    Subsequently, at the two opposite guide surfaces 11 and 12, two side boards 40 in a material thickness 42 and with a width 43 of the side board 40 in the longitudinal direction 44 are separated from the longwood raw wood 1 along two substantially parallel cutting planes 46. The sectional planes 46 shown here are essentially parallel to one another and parallel to the longitudinal axis direction 3 of the long wood raw timber 1. For separating the two side boards 40, a cutting device 400, which is indicated in FIG. 4, is used here.
    The shape-cutting device 300 here has in each case two bumps 32, which are provided on both edges of the profiling 30. The butt chamfers 32 serve to ensure that such profiled side boards 40 can be precisely adjusted during subsequent gluing to the profiles 30 and also do not slip each other during the transfer of side pressure during gluing. Optionally, one or more butt chamfers 32 may be disposed in the region of the oblique profiles 30.
    As can be seen in FIG. 5, after removal of the two side boards 40 from the central timber board 60, further side boards 40, 41 along cutting planes 46, 47 or other long wood sections 70 - shown in phantom - can be cut along cutting planes 72. FIG. 5 further illustrates, in a comparison, the increased yield of the production method according to the invention in comparison with the division pattern illustrated in FIG. The contours of the side boards 40 shown in FIG. 1 are shown in FIG. 5 outlined in phantom in order to be able to contrast the yield increase of the side board cross sections 40, 41 obtained according to the novel parting method.
    FIGS. 6 to 9 each show a longwood raw wood trunk 1 in a sequence of individual processing steps of the production method according to the invention, wherein a cutting guide in FIG. 7 is used to divide the longwood raw wood 1 along cutting planes 46 which are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis direction 3 of longwood raw wood 1 are arranged. The two side boards 40 are here separated guide surfaces 11, 12 separated. Depending on the taper of the processed
    Long logs of raw wood 1 are thereby obtained guide surfaces 11, 12, which have over the Holzholzlänge 4 different guide surface widths 15, 15 'and 15 ". With a mean guide surface width 15, as measured in the longitudinal direction approximately in the middle of the longwood length 4 of the longwood raw log 1, the guide surface width 15 'at a tapered longitudinal end is smaller than the guide surface width 15 "at the opposite longitudinal end. At edge portions 16 of the two guide surfaces 11, 12, profilings 30 have already been applied beforehand. Furthermore, relief grooves 20 have been produced substantially in the middle of the two guide surfaces 11, 12 in their guide surface symmetry plane 17, as illustrated in FIG. 7. The side boards 40 shown in FIG. 9 each have a wood length 4 and a material thickness 42. A side board width 43 of the side boards 40, as well as the guide surface width 15, also depends on the taper of the processed longwood log 1 and may vary between a smaller side board width 43 'at a tapered side board end and a side board width 43 "at the opposite longitudinal end enlarged relative to the middle side board width 43. The side boards 40 are dried after separation from the long timber raw wood 1.
    The further Figures 10 to 13 each show a longwood raw wood trunk 1 in a sequence of individual processing steps of the production method according to the invention, wherein the cut is made to divide the longwood raw wood here along cutting planes 77, 78 which are substantially parallel to tangential planes 75, 76 are arranged on a shell outer surface 5 of the long timber raw wood 1. This embodiment with coat-parallel processing steps is particularly suitable for the utilization of untrimmed long timber raw wood 1 with a conically tapered circumference or diameter over its length of the woodwood 4. Thus, it is possible through jacket-parallel cutting guide 77 and 78, even with tapered logs side board ware 40 with about constant Seitenbrettbreite 43 or approximately constant geführungsflächenbreite 15 over the entire raw wood length 4 to win. The conicity of the log 1 is projected further inwardly in this central cutting into the central timber board 61, which then has a substantially wedge-shaped contour.
    Figures 14-16 illustrate respectively severed side boards 40 in a sequence of processing steps to obtain a lumber panel 90 according to the inventive manufacturing method. Figure 14 shows two side boards 40 after drying that are not split lengthwise. The two side boards 40 of the same logwood lumber trunk 1 are sorted in pairs and suitably joined together by twisting them over 180 ° and placing them in fallen layers, as shown in FIG. 15 is shown.
    The side boards 40 are in the longitudinal direction 44 along their profiled 30 provided edge portions 16, which now form butt joints 30, coated with adhesive 80 and glued together under lateral pressure, preferably with additional surface pressure. Thus, a single-ply lumber panel 90 having a panel width 91 and a lumber panel length 92 is obtained. In this case, the length of the cutting board 92 substantially corresponds to the length of the raw wood 4. The cutting board 90 can, if necessary, still be trimmed at its edges.
    As shown in FIGS. 9 and 14, the relief groove 20 has a relief groove depth 21 of less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, of the thickness 42 of a side board 40. The relief groove 20 has a relief groove width 22 of, for example, 3 mm.
    17 shows a side view of the processing of a long wood part 70, for example a board wood part 70, within the scope of the production method according to the invention. As mentioned in the beginning, the term long timber raw wood 1 also means at least partly unedged screed, board and / or squared timber. In the case of the bed wood part 70 shown here in FIG. 17, there are no guide surfaces, which is why the board wood part 70 is centered on the tree edges 2 and preferably measured using known centering devices such as the scissors-centering of an automatic tree, and the optimum positions for the profiles 30 at the two edge sections 16 of the board wood part 70 as well as for a relief groove 20 substantially in the middle of the board. Subsequent to the production of the profilings 30 and the relief groove 20, the profiled lateral board is dried and can then also be processed into a sawnwood plate 90.
    Figures 18 to 22 show severed side-board parts 50, respectively, in a sequence of processing steps to obtain a further variant of a cutting-wood plate 90 according to the manufacturing method according to the invention. Here, starting from an already dried side board 40 shown in FIG. 18, it is guided along its profiling 30, if necessary positively centered and subsequently profiled, in order to be able to be guided particularly accurately at the subsequently profiled profile surfaces and along a dividing section surface 56 by means of a
    Dividing device 500 to be shared. The split cut surface 56 extends in a central side board symmetry plane 48 in which substantially the relief groove 20 is located. Thus, upon further dividing the side board 40 into two side board portions 50, the relief groove 20 also serves as a guide or orientation for the dividing device 500, such as a circular saw.
    In FIG. 19, the two side-board parts 50 are already shown divided along the dividing-cut surface 56. Analogously to FIGS. 14 to 16, in FIGS. 19 to 22, too, the two side board parts 50 are appropriately arranged next to one another by twisting 180 ° and / or placing them in fallen layers, with bonding means 80 on the adjacent profilings 30 or the division-cut surfaces 56 and under lateral pressure and preferably also with surface pressure bonded together to form a lumber panel 90. Within the scope of the invention, undivided side boards 40, 41 as well as divided side board parts 50, 51 can also be glued together to form a cutting board 90.
    FIG. 23 shows a side view of a sawn timber plate 90 with side board parts 50, which are each placed alternately in neutral annual ring layer 95, 96 against each other and glued together.
    FIG. 24 shows in an enlarged view the detail A marked in FIG. By suitably juxtaposing paired side panels 40 and / or paired side board panels 50 and then adhering 80, a lumber panel 90 having a particularly advantageous construction is produced. The side-board parts 50 are each here adhesively bonded to one another in pairs alternately at the oblique joints 30 in neutral annual ring layer 95 and at the straight dividing-cut surfaces 56 also in neutral annual ring layer 96. At the oblique butt joints 30 glued to each other, the oblique profilings thus run essentially tangentially to the Annual rings 95 of Seitenbretterbzw. Side board parts 50. At the straight abutment points 56, to which respective division cut surfaces 56 are glued together, the annual ring layers 96 of the two joint members each strike the parting cut surfaces 56 and the abutment face at substantially right angles, with the neutral annual ring progressions 96 being the same continue in opposite directions. By harmonious arrangement always pairwise associated board partner 50, which border on here either alternately at their butt joints 30, or their division cut surfaces 56 or glued together, a uniform wave-like, neutral course of the annual ring layers 95, 96 is achieved on the lumber plate 90 and bulges of finished sawn timber plate 90 largely avoided.
    Fig. 25 illustrates an end face of a lumber panel 90 having side board members 50 having deviated from the neutral annual ring ply at a butt 97 and disadvantageously juxtaposing and bonding together the adjacent side board members 50 having an annual ring pitch with no annual ringlayer orientation.
    Fig. 26 shows an enlarged view of the section B marked in Fig. 25. At this joint 97, the harmonic wavy-alternating alternation of the annual rings is broken and the side board parts 50 are connected to each other without taking into consideration a neutral year ring position, which is explained by the further curved course of the rings Annual rings can be seen from this joint 97 each in the same direction of the adjacent joint partners. Thus, this lumber panel 90 is highly likely to at least buckle at the butt 97 without neutral annual ring ply, or cracks will form on the bonded partition cut surface 56 in the region of the joint 97, resulting in weakening of the lumber panel 90. The further connection points, in which the side-board parts 50 are each connected to one another in neutral ring-ring position, are designated as joints 96.
    Fig. 27 shows an end face of a conically profiled side board 40 in front of the substantially central parts along the side board symmetry plane 48, and then placing the two side board parts 50 in a pairwise corresponding manner. mutually rotated by 180 ° and fallen position. By means of the conically profiled side board 40, the middle side board width 43 varies between a smaller side board width 43 'at the tapered side board end and an enlarged side board width 43 "at the opposite longitudinal end in the longitudinal direction 44 of the side board 40. Likewise, after the split, the divided side board parts 50 have respective different widths 53 in the longitudinal direction 54. 53 'or 53 "up.
    FIG. 28 also shows, similar to FIG. 27, an end face of a side board 40, but this side board 40 is profiled in parallel here. Advantageously, therefore, the undivided side board 40 has a lateral board width 43 substantially equal in the longitudinal direction 44. Likewise, then, after splitting, the split side board portions 50 have substantially equal widths 53 in the longitudinal direction 54, respectively.
    List of position symbols: 1 Longwood raw wood 2 Forest edge 3 Longitudinal axis of long timber 4 Raw wood length 5 Raw wood outer surface 11-14 First to fourth guide surface 15 Guide surface width (or 15 ', 15 ") 16 Edge section of guide surface or side board 17, 18 Symmetry plane of guide surfaces 100 Chip removing device 20 Relief groove 21 Relief snout depth 22 Relief groove width 200 Incision or milling device 30 Profiling, butt joint 31 Adjustment angle 32 Bump 300 300 Shape cutting device 40,41 Side board 42 Material of side board 43 Width of side board (or 43 ', 43 ") 44 Lengthwise direction of side board Side boards 45 Face surface of the side board 46.47 Cutting plane 48 Side board symmetry plane 400 Cutting device 50,51 Side board part 52 Material thickness of the side board part 53 Width of the side board part (or 53 ', 53 ") 54 Longitudinal direction of the side board part 55 End face of the side board part 56 Dividing cut surface 500 T 60, 61 central timber screed 70 further pieces of long timber
    List of position codes (continued): 72 Section 75, 76 Parallel plane tangent plane 77, 78 Parallel cutting plane 80 Adhesive 90 Sawn board 91 Sawn board width 92 Sawn board length 95 Neutral annual ring layer in profile bonding 96 Joint with neutral annual ring layer in straight joint 97 Joint without neutral annual ring layer in straight line bonded joint
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    Claims 1. A method of making lumber panels (90) from long lumber raw wood (1) characterized by a sequence of the following manufacturing steps: a. If necessary, forming at least two diametrically opposite guide surfaces (11, 12 or 13, 14) on a forest edge (2) of unedged timber raw timber (1) by means of a chip removing device (100), the guide surfaces (11, 12 and 13, 14) each in the longitudinal direction of the longwood raw wood (1) are arranged and have a guide surface width (15, 15 ', 15 "); b. Producing profilings (30) by means of a die-cutting device (300) respectively at edge portions (16) of at least two guide surfaces (11, 12 and 13, 14), wherein the profilings (30) at the edge portions (16) of a guide surface (11, 12 and 13, 14 respectively) are arranged symmetrically with respect to a guide surface symmetry plane (17, 18), which guide surface symmetry plane (17, 18) substantially perpendicular to the opposite guide surfaces (11, 12, 13, 14) and substantially in the center of the respective guide surface widths (15, 15 ', 15 ") is directed; c. Producing at least one relief groove (20) by means of a cutting or milling device (200) on at least two opposite guide surfaces (11, 12 or 13, 14), wherein the at least one relief groove (20) is substantially perpendicular to the guide surface (11, 12 or 13 , 14) is arranged; d. Cutting off at least two side boards (40) at diametrically opposite guide surfaces (11, 12 or 13, 14) by means of a cutting device (400) along cutting planes (46) in the longitudinal direction of the longwood raw wood (1) to form a central timber beam (60 ); e. Optionally, separating further side boards (40, 41) and / or long wood parts (70) each in the longitudinal direction of the longwood raw wood (1) from the central timber board (60); f. Optionally, arranging and / or stacking the side boards (40, 41) in each case in a pair corresponding to each other and mutually rotated by 180 ° and / or fallen position; G. then drying the side boards (40, 41) by storing in evaporation-promoting environment; H. preferably leveling and / or re-profiling the profiles (30) of the dried side boards (40, 41); i. preferably, dividing the dried side boards (40, 41) into side board sections (50, 51) by attaching a partition cut surface (56) substantially in a central side board symmetry plane (48) of the side board (40, 41) by means of a divider (500); j. Sorting the dried side boards (40, 41) and / or side board parts (50, 51), wherein undivided side boards (40, 41) are arranged side by side, in particular by mutual twisting by 180 ° and / or placement in toppled layers, so that their side board symmetry planes (48 ) are substantially parallel to each other, and / or already divided pairwise corresponding side board portions (50, 51) are juxtaposed such that their pitch cut surfaces (56) are substantially parallel to each other; k. Applying adhesive (80) to profiled (30) edge portions (16) of appropriately profiled side boards (40, 41) and / or matching side board members (50, 51) and / or to split cut surfaces (56) of the side board members (50, 51); l. Adhering the profiled edge portions (16) and / or dividing cut surfaces (56) provided with adhesive (80) to laterally juxtaposed side boards (40, 41) and / or side board parts (50, 51) under pressure, preferably under lateral pressure against them Adhesive (80) facing surfaces, to a lumber panel (90) having a lumber panel width (91), wherein a lumber panel length (92) is substantially equal to a lumber length (4); m. Optionally, trimming the entire lumber panel (90) along its longitudinal edges in the longitudinal direction (44, 54) of the glued side boards (40, 41) and / or the side board sections (50, 51) to a selected lumber panel width (91) and / or trimming at end faces (45 , 55) the glued side boards (40, 41) and / or the side board parts (50, 51) transversely of their longitudinal direction (44, 54) onto a selected lumber plate length (92) by means of at least one cutting device.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a relief groove (20) is arranged substantially centrally in the guide surface symmetry plane (17, 18) of the guide surface (11, 12, 13, 14).
    [3]
    Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one relief groove (20) has a relief groove depth (21) of less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, of a material thickness (42) of a side board (40, 41) ,
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that after separation of at least two side boards (40) on diametrically opposed guide surfaces (11, 12) the central timber beam (60) about its longitudinal axis (3) rotated by a rotation angle of 90 ° and two further diametrically opposite guide surfaces (13, 14) are arranged laterally on the central longwood screed (60), wherein the opposing further guide surfaces (13, 14) are respectively arranged in the longitudinal direction of the central longwood screed (60) and a guide surface width (15, 15 ', 15 "), further profiling (30) are made at the edge portions (16) of the two guide surfaces (13, 14) and the profilings (30) at the edge portions (16) are preferably symmetrical to a guide surface symmetry plane (18) which is substantially perpendicular to the opposite guide surfaces (13, 14) and in essence and at least one relief groove (20) each disposed substantially perpendicular to the guide surface (13, 14) is formed on the guide surfaces (13, 14); whereupon two further side boards (41) are separated at the diametrically opposite guide surfaces (13, 14) along cutting planes (47) respectively in the longitudinal direction of the long wood raw wood (1) from the central timber board (60).
    [5]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that profiling means (30) are respectively formed on edge portions (16) of the at least two opposing guide surfaces (11, 12 and 13, 14) and forming the relief grooves (20) on at least two diametrically opposite guide surfaces (11, 12 and 13, 14) takes place substantially simultaneously.
    [6]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the longwood raw wood (1) is provided on the edge portions (16) prior to machining and / or prior to forming the relief grooves (20) and / or prior to forming the profiles (30). and / or prior to severing the side boards (40, 41) and / or optionally before separating further logs (70) from the central timber board (60) by a surveying device.
    [7]
    A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the survey data acquired by the metering means are fed to and controlled by a controller for controlling the chip removing apparatus (100) and / or the cutting or milling apparatus (200) and / or the mold cutting apparatus (300) and or by cutting devices (400) and / or the dividing device (500).
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that opposing guide surfaces (11, 12 and 13, 14) are arranged substantially parallel to each other and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (3) of the long wood raw wood (1) and a cut is made for dividing long wood raw wood (1) into side boards (40, 41) and / or long wood parts (70) along cutting planes (46, 47, 72) substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis direction (3) of the raw wood (1) are.
    [9]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that opposing guide surfaces (11, 12 or 13, 14) are substantially parallel to one of two diametrically opposed tangential planes (75, 76) to the tapered raw wood outer surface (5) of the longwood Timber (1) are arranged, wherein if necessary with the chip removing device (100) from the outside a first guide surface (11 or 13) parallel to the first tangential plane (75) is produced, and another, the first guide surface (11 or 13) opposite second guide surface (12 or 14) is made parallel to the second tangent plane (76) and then the long wood raw wood (1) with a cut along cut planes (77,78), which in turn substantially parallel to one of the two diametrically opposed tangential planes (75 , 76) and / or the opposite guide surfaces (11, 12 and 13, 14, respectively), in Seitenbret ter (40, 41) and / or in longitudinal timber parts (70) along the cutting planes (77, 78), thereby obtaining a tapered, wedge-shaped central timber beam (61).
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that for the side boards (40, 41) the profilings (30) in the form of two to the Führungsflächensymmetrieebene (17, 18) are substantially symmetrical oblique plane surfaces, each in a setting angle ( 31) of the profilings (30) are as close as possible to the raw wood outer surface (5) and the profilings (30) are made by chip removing tools, preferably by milling tools, drawing endmills or by rotary circular saw blades, forming at least one butt chamfer (32).
    [11]
    A lumber panel (90) made according to a method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a plurality of side boards (40, 41) and / or side board members (50, 51) are provided at their edge portions (16) and profiled edges (30) / or adhered to split cut surfaces (56) into a single layer composite panel.
    [12]
    A lumber panel (90) according to claim 11, characterized in that side boards (40, 41) and / or side board members (50, 51) of substantially equal thickness (42, 52) are glued together.
    [13]
    A lumber panel (90) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by side boards (40, 41) and / or side board members (50, 51) of substantially constant length (4) connected to a lumber panel width (91), said end faces (45 , 55) of the sawn timber plate (90) are formed oblique butt joints (30) and / or parting cut surfaces (56) and / or collapsed side boards (40, 41) with symmetrical trapezoidal shape and / or with relief grooves (20).
    [14]
    14. Sawn timber plate (90) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the side boards (40, 41) and / or side board parts (50, 51) in pairs alternately on the oblique joints (30) in neutral annual ring position (95) and anden straight dividing cut surfaces (56) also in neutral annual ring layer (96) laid together glued together (80).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3079870A1|2016-10-19|
    AT515171B1|2016-02-15|
    EP3079870B1|2018-01-10|
    WO2015086332A1|2015-06-18|
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    法律状态:
    2021-08-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20201210 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50813/2013A|AT515171B1|2013-12-10|2013-12-10|Sawn board from side board ware and process for its production|ATA50813/2013A| AT515171B1|2013-12-10|2013-12-10|Sawn board from side board ware and process for its production|
    PCT/EP2014/075773| WO2015086332A1|2013-12-10|2014-11-27|Sawn timber panel made of side boards, and method for the production thereof|
    EP14806225.0A| EP3079870B1|2013-12-10|2014-11-27|Method for the production of sawn timber panels|
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